Community Colleges and the Dangers of Student Loan Debt

For high school students who are on the hunt for ways to reduce the cost of a college education, your local community college may look like a way to keep your expenses down and avoid the crush of debt from school loans.

In fact, many financial advisers recommend that, if you’re a cost-conscious student, you complete your first two years at a community college before transferring to a four-year university to receive your degree, as a way of cutting college costs by as much as half and minimizing your need for college loans.

Community colleges almost universally have annual tuition rates well below those of four-year colleges and universities, so at first blush, the two-year route may seem like a natural choice in terms of cost management and college loan debt relief.

As it turns out however, community college students are among those students most likely to struggle with college loan debt and to default on their federal student loans.

According to the most recent data from the U.S. Department of Education, 10.1 percent of community college students who are carrying federal education loans end up defaulting on their loans within the first two years of repayment — more than twice as much as the 4.4 percent of borrowing students at public four-year universities and 3.8 percent of borrowing students at private four-year universities.

Broadening the scope to look at student loan delinquencies in addition to defaults — since late payments, and not just a complete absence of payments, also indicate a struggle with the repayment of debt — the potential for trouble among community college borrowers is even higher: A whopping 60 percent of community college students will either default or become delinquent (without defaulting) on their college loans, according to a new report released by the Institute for Higher Education Policy.

In comparison, among student borrowers at public four-year universities, 34 percent will either fall behind or default on their school loans. At private four-year universities, 28 percent will.

Minimizing, and Managing, Student Debt at Community College

So what do these default and delinquency rates mean for college-bound adults who are looking to find a quick route into the working population or for high school graduates who want to minimize the cost of a four-year college education by transferring credits from a community college?

For many students, attending community college is still an effective method to significantly reduce the total amount spent on a college education, but there are a few hazards to look out for to avoid taking on more student loan debt than you’ll be able to handle later:

1) Keep your non-tuition expenses low.

A full 52 percent of students pursuing an associate’s degree and 37 percent of students in certificate programs don’t take out any school loans at all, according to the College Board.

These students make their community college experience work by managing their living expenses at the same time they’re keeping their college costs low. Most community college students are commuter students, living at home, which cuts back on room-and-board costs.

Managing or reducing your living expenses may mean living at home with your parents, brown-bagging your lunch instead of eating on campus, or working part- or full-time while you go to school.

2) Seek out scholarships and grants.

You can cut your college costs even further by seeking out scholarships and grants, which provide you with financial aid that, unlike a college loan, doesn’t need to be paid back.

If you’re a working student, check with the human resources department at your place of work. Some employers offer tuition reimbursement programs or professional development benefits that can help you defray the cost of higher education.

3) Finish your degree.

For those college students who do need to rely on student loans to get through school, the single best predictor of successful repayment is graduation. Students who complete their degree, above and beyond, are the most likely to repay their school loans without defaulting or becoming delinquent.

Just 15 percent of community college graduates default on their college loans, compared with 27 percent of community college dropouts, according to the Institute for Higher Education Policy. When looking at student borrowers who fall behind on their loan payments without defaulting, 27 percent of community college graduates experience this kind of delinquency, versus 39 percent of community college students who didn’t complete their degree.

Students who spend one year or less in school are the most likely to run into repayment problems on their college debt, often because either they can’t find a job or the job they do find doesn’t pay enough to enable them to make their student loan payments.

4) Borrow only what you need.

Overborrowing can be particularly problematic for community college students because the federal education loan program offers the same maximum loan amount regardless of what type of school you attend.

The maximum undergraduate federal loan is ,500 for first-year students and ,500 for second-year students (,500 and ,500, respectively, if you’re an independent student, no longer financially dependent on your parents).

The maximum federal undergraduate loan, in other words, will, unlike at a four-year college or university, typically cover the cost of all tuition and fees at a community college, leaving a few thousand dollars still available for books, transportation, and living expenses.

That extra money can be tempting. Living expenses can pose a major challenge for many college students, regardless of the type of school you attend. How you pay for your living expenses while in college can mean the difference between manageable and unmanageable debt levels when you graduate.

Having a plan to pay for your living expenses without resorting to maxing out your student loans will significantly reduce the amount of money you need in order to complete your degree. And the less student loan debt you have when you graduate, the lower — and thus more manageable — your monthly payments will be and the faster you’ll be able to pay those loans off.

Dealing With Student Debt in America – Federal Student Loan Consolidation and Other Tales

Philip Jones, a graduate of Rutgers University had experienced trouble with the repayment of his loans. According to Jones:

”My wallet was being pulled in too many directions; I was trying to pay for a house, a wedding, and a honeymoon within a six-month period.”

After remedying his situation (by asking for debt forbearance), he had an easier time of it: “I didn’t have to make a payment for six months, so that money went toward the wedding and honeymoon. It’s easing the financial stress.”

Heard it Before?

Jones’s story is not uncommon. In fact, this is the reason why people apply for federal student loan consolidation. Consolidation allows people to combine all existing educational loans into a single loan that that can be paid on a monthly basis. Bills and calls will cease, and monthly incomes can be controlled more.

A federal student loan consolidation can be used to end financial worries. According to the rules of federal government, there are is no “maximum” number of loans that can be applied for consolidation. It is also possible for an individual to ask for consolidation for a single loan, so that loan’s grace period can be extended to fit the financial situation of the person.

Computing Interest

It’s easy to determine the interest rate for a federal student loan consolidation. It is the weighted average interest-rate of all loans that have been submitted for consolidation. As a rule of thumb, the interest rate of a federal consolidation will not go beyond 8.25%. If it does you’re not dealing with federal consolidation. You’re dealing with a private consolidation company masquerading as being part of the federal government.

Reductions

Another interesting fact about federal student loan consolidation is you can ask about interest rate reductions. The basic function of a debt negotiation or a debt consolidation is to reduce the monthly pay-out. It is very possible to reduce your current interest rate by .6%, if you can pay within the given and pre-approved grace period.

For automatic debit payments, you can be assured of an interest rate reduction of about .25%. This encourages individuals to create separate accounts for the purpose of repaying debt. This also fosters a more genuine attitude for repaying debt.

On repaying Debt

According to Erin Korsvall, a spokesperson for Sallie Mae:

”There are a number of different repayment options to help you manage your monthly payments. Each situation would apply for borrowers who are in a position where they need to minimize their monthly payments.”

”Perhaps they are a recent graduate who has just entered the work force. Make sure they (lenders) have your current address. You don’t want to miss the bills. Pay on time as well. Sallie Mae offers an interest rate discount when you pay on time. There are no pre-payment penalties.”

If you are unable to repay any kind of debt for a particular month, make sure that you alert the lending institution. Do this and you’ll be able to avoid default and complicated lawsuits from lending institutions. There are laws in place that protect consumers as well as lenders from non-repayment of debts.

Eliminating Debt Early With Private Student Loan Consolidation

Many recent graduates are finding it harder and harder to stretch new paychecks. Graduation may be a milestone in itself, but alongside a college diploma are the endless monthly bills. Living on one’s own has never been easy. Private student loan consolidation is often used to lower monthly payments and improve credit ratings.

Accumulating Debts

Often, the accumulation of other debts is to blame for such a sorry state of affairs after graduation. Take the case of 25-year-old Tamika Gambrel, who has a ,000 a year job but still finds it difficult to make ends meet. She has to pay 0 for the apartment, 0 for the car note and a hefty ,000 credit card debt that came from her college days. She speaks frankly about her debts:

”After four years, I walked away owing only ,000 in loans. Considering that tuition and room and board alone at Colby was ,000 a year, I think I did alright.”

Not everyone could put up such a brave face in the face of debt. Some just decide to file for bankruptcy, instead of getting a private student loan consolidation.

Fees Not Letting Up

According to the College Board:

”The cost of attending a public, four-year college or university in the 2007-08 school year–including tuition, fees, and room and board–was ,796, up 35% over the past five years; for private schools, the cost was a hefty ,367.”

These figures are by no means fixed. As we all know, tuition fees and other related fees increase and decrease depending on inflation and other economic forces. But people still want to borrow money for their college days, because indeed it’s a chance to get a better shot at life. Private student loan consolidation becomes a chance to get better rates in the end.

Know Your Debts First

To “retire” your student loans faster, you have to know your loans. Log on to www.nslds.ed.gov (National Student Loan System) to read about the specific details of different student loans. Check the status of your loans, as well as the variable interest rates and the principal. Make sure too that you obtain the required personal identification password (PIN). This can be obtained from the Department of Education. Log on to www.pin.ed.gov for more details.

Another important thing to remember is that federal loans and private loans are different. Federal loans have caps on their interest rates while private loans do not. Often, private loans are costlier. And another thing: federal loans and private loans cannot be consolidated by one large loan. They must be consolidated separately. And again, federally subsidized loans have the government backing it up (Uncle Sam pays the interest rates while you’re in school).

Make sure that you only go to attractive private student loan consolidation deals. The case of Gambrel was actually good: she had been able to get consolidation at a 2.87% interest rate. Gambrel acknowledges: “I got very lucky. At the time I graduated, jobs weren’t plentiful, but student loan consolidation programs were very, very attractive.” This just goes to show that careful financial planning can lead to beneficial results.

You probably think you have more than enough to worry about when you’re in college. But you need to think about your student debt. If you really dont have the time to look into consolidating student loans now, have a trusted family member look into it. There are advantages to working on paying back your debt now, instead of after you graduate.

Keep This In Mind

Before you go to consolidate student loans, remember one important thing. You can’t consolidate federal and private loans together. They are separate financial species (in a way) and need to be kept to their own kind. If your potential loan consolidator says that you can consolidate federal and private loans together, move on. They just showed you that they do not know what they are doing.

First Places To Look

If you have received all of your private student loans from the same creditor, than you can ask them about your options for paying them back. They may already have a program where you can consolidate your student loans. If they dont, they should be able to recommend other financial institutions that they have worked with in the past about student loan consolidation.

For consolidating your federal loans, you really have to contact the state or federal program that you received the loans from. Some federal loans for undergraduates can’t be consolidated. If you are trying to find this information yourself, you dont have to. Your college’s financial aid office should be able to help you find all of the information you need.

Get Clicking

The next step in looking to consolidate your student loans is by looking online. There is a dizzying mountain of websites offering student loan consolidations. Take your time in picking a consolidation loan service. Some things to look for are:

Are there any fees just for applying?

Will my consolidation loan be tax-deductible?

Is this a fixed interest rate (which are more predictable in today’s financial world) or a flexible interest rate?

Do you need a co-signer?

Other Things To Keep In Mind

The details and rules for consolidating your student loans while you are an undergraduate differs from financial institution to financial institution. You need to have someone you trust read the fine print. Try to keep in mind that filling out these applications is a great education for the real world.

Some consolidation loans are only for US citizens. Some will only be for US citizens that have an employed parent as a co-signer. Some will require that you give some private information to fill out the forms this is normal.